Constipation in Children : A Comprehensive Ayurvedic Review

Functional constipation is a frequent gastrointestinal disorder in children, characterized by infrequent defecation, painful stools, and abdominal discomfort, often without any underlying structural abnormality. Conventional pediatric management includes dietary modifications, toilet training, behavioural therapy, and laxatives. However, challenges such as relapse, chronicity, and dependency on medication remain significant concerns. Ayurveda provides a comprehensive understanding of constipation under the concept of Vibandha, primarily caused by vitiation of Apan Vata due to improper diet and lifestyle practices. Ayurvedic management emphasizes holistic care through Ahara (diet), Vihara (lifestyle), Shamana (palliative therapy), and Shodhana (purification). Herbal remedies like Triphala, Haritaki, Eranda taila, and Gandharvahastadi taila are well-documented for their mild laxative, carminative, and gut-regulating actions. In specific pediatric cases, therapies such as Mridu Virechana and Basti are indicated under supervision. Preventive measures include encouraging regular bowel habits, intake of fiber-rich and easily digestible foods, hydration, and avoidance of Guru and Ruksha ahara. Recent studies have highlighted the efficacy of Ayurvedic formulations and Panchakarma interventions in improving stool frequency, consistency, and overall quality of life in children with functional constipation. Thus, Ayurveda offers a safe, effective, and sustainable approach that addresses both symptom relief and prevention, complementing modern pediatric care.