The Factors that Affect the Students' Academic Results in National Defense and Security Education Researched at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education in Vietnam

This study examined the factors influencing students' academic performance in the compulsory subject of National Defense and Security Education (NDSE) at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education. Using a mixed-methods approach with a survey of 375 students and interviews with five lecturers, the research identified four key factors. The quantitative data revealed that teaching methods, student engagement, learning motivation/attitudes, and physical facilities all have a positive correlation with academic results. The most significant factors were found to be learning motivation/attitudes and student engagement. The qualitative findings from lecturers offered further insights into challenges and solutions. The study concludes by proposing recommendations to improve the effectiveness of NDSE and foster civic responsibility among the youth.