The Role of Supplements in Managing Complications Due to Long-Term Metformin Therapy

Metformin, a common medication prescribed and used in the management of T2DM. While metformin is considered safe and effective, its long-term usage has been associated with potential risks: lactic acidosis, vitamin B12 deficiency, muscle-related symptoms like myalgia, anaemia, mouth ulcers, weight loss, peripheral neuropathy, and renal impairment. This review article intends to provide an overview of the utility of supplements in dealing with these complications. We discuss the evidence for the use of vitamin B12, probiotics, antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and magnesium and potassium supplements in mitigating the adverse effects of long-term metformin therapy