ENHANCING THE EFFICIENCY OF BORROWED CAPITAL UTILIZATION IN THE MACHINERY SECTOR ENTERPRISES

The article investigates the efficiency of debt capital usage in machinery enterprises, considering macroeconomic conditions, internal resources, and market cycles. The financial leverage effect is analyzed for each source of borrowed funds, including long-term and short-term loans, borrowings, trade credits, accounts payable, and interest-free liabilities. Normative values of financial autonomy, dependence, and leverage ratios are examined, along with the relationship between equity profitability and debt utilization. The coordination of operating and financial leverage is highlighted as a tool for balancing profitability and financial stability. Recommendations for optimizing capital structure, controlling debt costs, and managing financial risks are provided to enhance enterprise profitability and competitiveness.