Community Engagement and Wetland Conservation in Mbarara District

Purpose: This study aims to explore the complexities of community engagement in wetland conservation within Mbarara District, focusing on conservation activities, stakeholder roles, challenges, and policy effectiveness. By synthesizing qualitative data, the research seeks to contribute to scholarly debates on environmental governance and community-driven conservation initiatives.Study design/methodology/approach: Utilizing thematic and content analysis of qualitative data collected from community members, local government officials, and environmental officers, this study identifies key themes related to conservation practices, stakeholder involvement, and the socio-political challenges faced in wetland conservation efforts.Findings: The analysis reveals a diverse range of conservation activities, including tree planting and invasive species removal, highlighting the interdependence between ecological restoration and local livelihoods. Gendered participation is evident, with women primarily involved in awareness-raising and fund management, while youth engage in physical labor. Challenges such as land tenure conflicts and elite capture are significant barriers to effective conservation, emphasizing the need for legal reforms and improved policy enforcement. Participants call for innovative solutions, including mobile courts for offenders andcommunity-led policy review committees.Originality/value: This research contributes to existing literature by illustrating the nuanced dynamics of community engagement in conservation, particularly in the context of gender roles and socio-political barriers. The findings underscore the necessity for inclusive participation and the alignment of policy frameworks with local needs. Recommendations for capacity-building initiatives and collaborative policy development provide actionable insights for enhancing community resilience and fostering effective governance in wetland conservation. By addressing these complexities, the study advocates for a more adaptive and participatory approach to environmental management that benefits both local communities and ecological health.