Hallux Abductovalgus Deformity: A Review of Literature

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the previous works done by some scholars on hallux Abducto-Valgus deformity. This will in turn evaluate some research studies and their implications to management of persons with hallux abductovalgus deformity Methodology: This review was done through searching previous studies done on this topic hallus abductovalgus deformity. This was done using the search databases like Medline, Hinari, scopus and sciencedirect. Here the different researcher’s thoughts on the aetiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, investigations, classifications, treatments, rehabilitation and outcome of treatment of hallux abductovalgus deformity were analysed to produce this piece. Findings: The findings showed that hallux Abducto-valgus (HAV) is a deformity of the first metatarsophalangeal joint towards the midline of the foot due to the eversion and abduction of the hallux. The two main factors contributing to the development of hallux abductovalgus include congenital causes and inappropriate footwear. Several factors have been reported to be associated with hallux abductovalgus including genetic predisposition, structural factors, sex, age, BMI, foot pain, pes planus and footwear. Patients can also present with fore foot pain due to a variety of associated problems such as painful calluses and corns, Inter – digital neuromas, lesser toe deformities. Hallux valgus occurs in two distinctive aspects; it can occur either on the left or right foot (Unilateral hallux valgus) or on both feet (Bilateral hallux valgus) with prevalence more in the elderly and women. Evaluation of the hallux abducto valgus deformity should be carried out with the patient weight-bearing as well as non-weight-bearing. Imaging investigation is an important evaluation tool. Treatment could be either conservative or surgical.