Comprehensive omics profiling in acute myeloid leukemia: From molecular landscape to clinical translation

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a molecularly heterogeneous hematologic malignancy driven by diverse genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptomic alterations. Recent advancements in high-throughput omics technologies have transformed -the understanding of AML pathogenesis, clonal evolution, and treatment resistance. This review synthesizes findings across multiple omics layers (genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and single-cell omics) to provide an integrative view for AML biology. This study discusses how specific mutational patterns, aberrant gene expression, chromatin modifications, protein signaling dynamics, and cellular heterogeneity define AML subtypes and influence prognosis. Besides, This study highlights current applications of omics in diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapy selection, and explores emerging computational strategies for multi-omics integration. Finally, This research raises the challenges and future directions for implementing omics-guided precision medicine in AML. This review provides an overview of current knowledge and future prospects for exploiting omics data to improve outcomes in AML.