Assessing Social Work Professionals' Perceptions of Section 377 and Its Implications for LGBTQIA+ Individuals

The 2018 decriminalization of consensual same-sex relations under Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code marked a pivotal moment in the recognition of LGBTQIA+ rights in India. Yet, this legal milestone has not fully translated into social acceptance or professional readiness within key sectors such as social work. This study explores the perceptions, attitudes, and preparedness of social work professionals in engaging with LGBTQIA+ individuals in a post-Section 377 context. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research collected quantitative data from 75 academicians across Gujarat using structured questionnaires, supplemented by qualitative insights from case studies. Findings reveal varying levels of awareness and perception, with younger, male, postgraduate respondents showing greater engagement. However, significant gaps persist, especially among older professionals and Ph.D. holders, indicating a disconnect between academic advancement and practical awareness. Correlation analysis confirmed that higher awareness is linked to stronger recognition of inclusion challenges. The study underscores the urgent need for curricular reforms, targeted training, and institutional support to build inclusive, rights-based social work practices in India.