TO STUDY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC INDICATORS OF THE HEART IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Heart disease in diabetes mellitus (DM) occurs in approximately 76-92% of patients, but in most cases it occurs with erased clinical symptoms and is detected only during instrumental examination. In diabetes mellitus, heart disease includes ischemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure, atherosclerosis and diabetic cardiomyopathy, which can manifest as painless forms of myocardial infarction, since diabetes damages the nerves of the heart [1,2,4]. Echocardiography (EchoCG) is of great value in diabetes mellitus, since it allows to detect diabetic cardiomyopathy and other heart disorders, even before the appearance of obvious symptoms, such as shortness of breath or chest pain. This is due to the fact that diabetes can cause structural changes and dysfunction of the heart muscle (myocardium), leading to diastolic disorders, heart failure, arrhythmias and an increased risk of heart attack [5,7]. Echocardiographic examination with determination of the type of left ventricular remodeling (concentric hypertrophy) allows to identify a group of patients with type 2 diabetes with a higher cardiovascular risk [3,6].