Seaside port operation optimization and energy management system with integrated seaport microgrid and cold ironing

Electrification of port operations requires new adaptations to system operation which introduces new complexities and operating challenges. The carbon capture of cold ironing is gaining attention to mitigate shipping emissions, but implementing it impacts conventional workflow scheduling and increases the energy burden at ports. Hence, it necessitates optimal coordination of operations scheduling and novel energy management strategies. This research proposes a two-level optimization framework to address coordination problems. The first level of optimization develops the algorithm for three different operation scheduling problems: the berth allocation problem (BAP), the cold ironing assignment problem (CIAP), and the quay crane allocation problem (QCAP) to minimize the ship stay duration. Meanwhile, a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated at the second level to minimize energy operation costs and port emissions from the seaport microgrid. The output from numerical simulations demonstrates substantial improvements in operation performance, cost savings, and emission reduction, which benefit both port operators and shipping companies. By coordinating these two problems through an integrated optimization strategy, ports can reliably adopt innovative electrification solutions while maintaining competitive performance. Besides, the set of Pareto optimal solutions is provided to the port operators, enabling them to perform a tradeoff analysis and incorporate strategic priorities. This integrated approach lays the groundwork for next-generation operation management systems at ports.