Performance Appraisal of Indian Sugar Industry: A Systematic Review

Abstract This systematic review evaluates the performance of India's sugar industry through an analysis of financial, operational, governance, technological advancements, sustainability and human resource dimensions. Synthesizing findings from more than 120 research studies, the paper reveals key disparities: private mills excel in liquidity, while cooperatives show stronger solvency but suffer from political interference. Ethanol diversification (18–22% revenue growth) and digital adoption (e.g., IoT, AI) enhance sustainability, yet challenges persist—regional water stress, gender gaps (15% female workforce), and policy inefficiencies. The study identifies critical research gaps, including the need for integrated frameworks to balance farmer welfare and mill viability.