Soil carbon sequestration in Niger: A review

Soil carbon sequestration is increasingly recognized as a key component in addressing climate change and restoring degraded lands, particularly in semi-arid regions like Niger. Characterized by low soil organic matter, extensive land degradation, and variable rainfall patterns, Niger faces significant ecological challenges. However, the country possesses considerable potential for enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) through climate-smart and sustainable land management (SLM) practices. Techniques such as agroforestry, Zai pits, contour bunding, and the application of organic amendments have demonstrated effectiveness in improving SOC levels, soil fertility, and water retention. These interventions not only contribute to carbon mitigation but also enhance ecosystem resilience and agricultural productivity. Despite these benefits, the widespread adoption of such practices is hindered by socio-economic constraints, limited technical capacity, and inadequate policy support. Furthermore, the quantification and monitoring of SOC changes remain difficult due to the scarcity of long-term, site-specific data. This paper reviews current knowledge on soil carbon sequestration in Niger, evaluates the effectiveness of traditional and modern SLM techniques, and discusses the implications for climate policy and land restoration programs. A multidisciplinary approach that integrates biophysical science, socio-economic analysis, and participatory land-use planning is essential to unlock the full potential of SOC sequestration in Niger’s dryland systems. Key words: Soil organic carbon, drylands, sustainable land management, climate change mitigation.