The Role of Myths and Symbols in the Construction of the Swiss Nation

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the mythosymbolic complex in the formation of national identity. Having challenged himself to reveal the significance of history, myths and symbols in the process of nation-building, the author draws on the ethnosymbolic approach, which focuses on the cultural and historical roots of modern nations. As an empirical case he uses the Swiss Confederation as an example of a plural society with a distinct national identity The article shows that the Swiss mythosymbolic complex is based on the political history of the Swiss Confederation. Switzerland’s national myths originate from historical events such as the the Rütli Oath, taken by the representatives of the three founding cantons, and military victories over the German feudal lords. The political values embodied in Swiss myths are reproduced on a regular basis in national festivals, exhibitions, theatrical performances, which “ПОЛИТИЯ” № 2 (117) 2025 135 are regarded by the author as manifestations of “banal” nationalism. A unique form of Swiss “banal” nationalism is the institution of referendums, which are held several times a year. According to the author’s conclusion, the significance of mythosymbolic complex for Swiss national identity is to fill it with value content. Overlaying the “constructed features” (political values) of the Swiss nation, the mythosymbolic complex gives it greater organicity, which is expressed in the continuity of political traditions, with which representatives of all Swiss cultural, linguistic and religious groups can identify themselves. Swiss myths and symbols connect the history and culture with national identity, as a result of which the latter is shared by all citizens of the country.