Bovine Mastitis in India: A Growing Challenge for Dairy Farmers

India, the world’s largest milk producer, contributes approximately 24% of global milk production, with an output of 230.58 million tonnes in 2022–23. The dairy sector employs over 80 million farmers, predominantly smallholders, and is a cornerstone of rural livelihoods. However, bovine mastitis—an inflammatory disease of the udder—poses a significant threat to this industry. Mastitis reduces milk yield, compromises milk quality, and incurs substantial economic losses. This article explores the current situation of bovine mastitis in India, its etiology, and the evolving treatment strategies, drawing on recent data and field insights.