Robust single-layer predictive control for grid-tied solar systems with integrated maximum power point tracking and power flow optimization

This paper presents a novel unified control strategy for photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected systems that integrates maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and grid current regulation into a single-layer finite control set model predictive current control (FCS-MPCC) framework. Unlike conventional cascaded architectures, the proposed approach eliminates intermediary modulation stages by directly coordinating the DC-DC converter for MPPT and the DC-AC inverter for grid synchronization within a unified predictive scheme. The controller simultaneously achieves three key objectives: (i) DC bus voltage stabilization, (ii) precise active power injection, and (iii) reactive power regulation, all optimized through a single cost function. By incorporating DC voltage deviation, active power error, and reactive power error directly into the cost function, and avoiding voltage-to-power reference conversions, the strategy ensures minimal steady-state error and fast transient response. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method under grid parameter variations, particularly inductance fluctuations, confirming improved resilience and dynamic performance compared to traditional feedforward decoupling control. The FCS-MPCC framework not only simplifies system architecture but also enhances operational efficiency, offering a robust and scalable solution for high-performance PV grid integration.