HORTICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION AS AFFECTED BY VARIABILITY OF RAINFALL AND TEMPERATURE IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

This study examines the impact of rainfall and temperature variability on horticultural crop production in Oyo State, Nigeria, from 2010 to 2020. Climate variability, characterized by inconsistent rainfall patterns and fluctuating temperatures, poses significant challenges to the agricultural sector, particularly for subsistence farmers in the region. The research utilizes secondary data from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) to analyze monthly temperature and rainfall trends. The results reveal that inconsistent climate conditions have adversely affected crop yields and increased postharvest losses, leading to higher food prices and reduced income for farmers. The study highlights how limited financial resources further exacerbate farmers' inability to adapt to climate variability. In addition to identifying significant climatic trends, the research discusses the broader economic and social impacts on the region’s agricultural sector, particularly horticultural crops like tomatoes, which have specific temperature requirements for optimal growth. The findings underscore the urgent need for improved climate adaptation strategies, to mitigate the effects of climate variability. This study offers valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders in agriculture, aiming to inform the development of resilient agricultural practices and contribute to food security in Oyo State.