The paradigm of water justice in water resources law and the role of family in the sustainable development goals framework: A study in Malang Raya

This study explores the paradigm of water justice in Indonesia’s water resource law and the role of families in supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 6 on clean water and sanitation. Focusing on Law No. 17 of 2019 and its implementation in Greater Malang, the research examines regulatory frameworks, challenges of unequal distribution, and the impacts of privatization on vulnerable communities. Employing an empirical juridical approach with socio-legal perspectives, the study integrates legal document analysis, stakeholder interviews, and field observations. The findings reveal persistent disparities between urban and rural access, industrial dominance in water utilization, and limited community participation in policymaking. Families are identified as key agents in promoting sustainable water management through conservation practices, household education, and advocacy for inclusive policies. The study recommends strengthening family-based environmental programs and reinforcing regulations to ensure equitable distribution. Implementing water justice effectively is essential to achieving fairness, sustainability, and the realization of SDG 6.