EFFECT OF MECHANICAL SIDE DEEP FERTILIZATION TECHNOLOGY ON NUTRIENT ABSORPTION AND LOSS IN PADDY FIELDS

To investigate the effects of different fertilization treatments on rice growth, nutrient uptake, and nutrient loss in paddy fields, the study was conducted in Jiansanjiang Qixing Farm, Company 36, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province as the experimental site. A total of six treatment groups (G1-G6) were set up with different fertilization methods and fertilizer application rates. The data demonstrated that the number of tillers increased by 61.4% in G2 and 80.4% in G3 compared to G1. The number of tillers in G6 was 489×104/hm2, which decreased by 13.6% compared to G3. During the tillering stage, the nitrogen content of G1, G2 and G3 stems was 2.08, 2.19 and 2.51%, respectively. The cumulative loss of potassium in paddy fields was 0.19 kg/hm2, 0.59 kg/hm2 and 0.41 kg/hm2 for G1, G2 and G3, respectively. The results indicated that the use of mechanical side deep fertilization could bring many advantages to rice compared to the traditional manual fertilization method, including an increase in the number of tillers and plant height, as well as an increase in the leaf area index and dry material accumulation. At the same level of fertilization, the mechanical side deep fertilization method resulted in less ammonia volatilization, which would contribute to reducing ammonia volatilization from the paddy field and allow more nitrogen to be stored by the paddy field. In addition, the cumulative loss of runoff from the paddy field was reduced by the mechanical side deep fertilization treatment compared to manual fertilization. The study provides a useful reference for optimizing rice cultivation techniques to improve yield and reduce nutrient losses.