Impact of Temperature and pH in modulating the behavioural changes of Labeo calbasu

Fish behavior is strongly influenced by environmental variables, particularly temperature and pH, which play crucial roles in survival, growth, and reproduction. The present study was carried out to evaluate the behavioral responses of Labeo calbasu under varying temperature (25–35°C) and pH (6-9) conditions. The study was conducted for a period of seven weeks, with the experimental fish kept in different pond enclosures under controlled parameters. Behavioral responses such as swimming activity, feeding response, aggression, and resting pattern were recorded. The results indicated that at moderate temperatures and pH (25–28°C; pH 6-7), fish displayed normal activity and feeding behavior with aggression. However, under extreme temperature and pH conditions (32–35°C; pH 8-9), swimming activity and feeding rate decreased, aggression was absent, and resting behavior was prolonged., qualitative trends suggested that extreme pH and temperature conditions negatively affect the behavior of Labeo calbasu. The findings highlight the importance of maintaining suitable environmental conditions for aquaculture practices and provide a baseline for understanding stress-induced behavioral changes in freshwater fishes.