PRAGMATIC FAILURES IN CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION

This paper explores the phenomenon of pragmatic failures in cross-cultural communication, an issue that has become increasingly significant in today’s globalized world. While learners of a foreign language often achieve competence in grammar and vocabulary, they may still fail to communicate successfully due to an insufficient understanding of the pragmatic rules that govern language use in different cultural contexts. Pragmatic failures arise when speakers transfer inappropriate cultural or social norms into another linguistic environment, leading to misunderstandings, misinterpretations, or even communication breakdowns.