Enhanced Functionalities of Co–Doped Sr–Eu Lanthanum Nickel Manganese Oxide (La₂NiMnO₆): A Review of Properties and Applications

This review article provides a detailed exploration of the multifunctional properties of La₂NiMnO₆ (LNMO), a double perovskite compound with vast potential in advanced technological applications. As an oxide material, LNMO exhibits a unique combination of half-metallicity, ferromagnetic Curie temperature, and dielectric as well as magnetic ordering. These properties, along with the material’s adaptability for various technological innovations, have drawn significant research interest. Specifically, the performance of LNMO in applications such as hydrogen generation, fuel cells, photocatalytic degradation, gas sensing, and lead-free perovskite solar cells underlines its versatility. The article delves into how co-doping with strontium (Sr) and europium (Eu) at the A- and B-sites, respectively, influences these properties, opening pathways for new advancements in energy storage, spintronics, and optoelectronics. This review compiles key findings from recent studies on LNMO, focusing on its structural versatility, adaptability to various dopants, and the resulting effects on electronic, magnetic, and catalytic properties. Additionally, the influence of atomic-scale substitutions on the electronic and magnetic characteristics of LNMO are examined, underscoring its potential in environmentally friendly and high-efficiency devices. By analyzing the latest developments in material performance and applications, this article provides valuable insights into optimizing LNMO for emerging technologies, including spin-based transistors, light-emitting diodes, and photovoltaic devices. Further research directions to enhance the stability, efficiency, and environmental impact of LNMO are also discussed.