Clinical pathology study of physiological serum ferritin and lipid profile in thalassemia patients

Background: Beta-thalassemia is a genetic disorder that frequently necessitates regular blood transfusions, resulting in iron overload, typically evidenced by elevated serum ferritin levels. These lipid abnormalities may contribute to the pathogenesis of certain clinical manifestations associated with thalassemia. Methods: The study reported 30 cases of thalassemia in Mesopotamia. Examinations were conducted at the College of Health and Medical Techniques in Kufa. The evaluation of samples involves quantifying serum triglycerides (TG) using a colorimetric technique for in vitro diagnostic assessment with a specialized kit, according to the manufacturer's specified standards. Results: In the patient cohort, ferritin levels were significantly elevated compared to those in the control group, indicating notable iron accumulation. Furthermore, the data revealed statistically significant differences in age, weight, and sex. The experimental group exhibited a mean ferritin level of 180.47 ± 16.364, in contrast to 125.70 ± 15.257 in the control group. Additionally, cholesterol levels were lower in the patient group, with a mean of 81.37 ± 6.289, compared with 96.87 ± 3.071 in the control group. These findings suggest that total cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiac and renal diseases, potentially providing novel therapeutic targets for the management of cardiovascular conditions. Conclusion: Summary of the main conclusions drawn from the study, including the potential risks for thalassemia patients and the need for further research. While these elements are present throughout the paper, they are not condensed into a single abstract section at the beginning of the document.