The Horizon Instead of Singularity: Black Hole Birth via the Planck Impact and Spherical Topology Selection

This article presents a new approach to the singularity problem in general relativity and cosmology. Instead of physical singularities, the framework introduces minimal horizons as the true structural elements of spacetime. The principle of “quantum censorship” halts collapse at the Planck scale, while topological arguments explain why only spherical horizons are stable and why black holes necessarily evaporate. The framework naturally accounts for the scaling of vacuum energy with the Hubble rate, offers explanations for dark matter and dark energy as effects of unlocked informational degrees of freedom, and provides a unified perspective that links black hole physics, cosmic acceleration, and particle genesis. This work consolidates several companion studies into a coherent Horizon Information Framework, aiming to provide a falsifiable and information-based foundation for cosmology and quantum gravity. Further resources and related publications are available through the Horizon Information Framework community on Zenodo.