Effective methods of forest breeding and varietal seed production for forest reclamation of arid territories of European Russia

Background. Of particular relevance is the problem of creating a new generation of viable protective forest plantations from a reliable assortment on a breeding and genetic basis from seed material of the highest breeding conditions. Purpose. Goal. Selection of promising tree species for the arid region (European territory of Russia) based on effective methods to increase the stability of plantations for forest breeding and seed production. Materials and methods.Genetic assessment of forest seed plantations was carried out using analysis of variance, the coefficients of repeatability and heritability, and the proportion of influence of genetic and environmental factors on phenotypes. Genotypes were isolated using an inventory at the level of a competitive test based on a set of positive signs and the degree of their value for each species under study. The ranking of taxation indicators was carried out in order to select promising clones and families for high-yielding forest seed plantations with signs of intensive growth. Field and laboratory methods were used in the research: phenological, morphological, physiological and biochemical. Results.It has been established that by reintroducing into the culture the selection of age-old reproducers with good vitality and resistance to adverse environmental factors of individuals, it is possible to significantly increase the stability of plantations for various purposes. The good preservation and taxation indicators of the studied rocks can be associated with the formation of an intrazonal ecological situation in the plantations. The high efficiency of the selection of hybrid forms is confirmed, since all the studied plants had a satisfactory condition and a high percentage of preservation. Conclusions.The developed scheme for increasing the stability of ZLN (protective forest plantations) will create a valuable breeding fund for agroforestry development, the main breeds of which include Robinia pseudoacaciaL., Quercus roburL., Pyrus communis subsp. pyraster(L.) Ehrh., Ulmus pumilaL., Fraxinus excelsiorL., Fraxinus pennsylvanicaMarshall., Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.), Pinus silvestrisL. The effect of planting on the fruiting of clonal offspring is unreliable, the effect of the queen bee is reliable at the level of 1-5% significance in relation to plus trees on the plantation. The species composition of the plantations of the Novoanninsky population is classified as promising and can claim the status of a cultural variety.