The Socioeconomic Impact of the Zangezur Corridor on the South Caucasus Region

Purpose: to critically assess the socio-economic impact of the Zangezur Corridor on the regions it traverses, with a focus on key indicators such as employment, income levels, migration trends, local business development, and social infrastructure. Method: SWOT and PESTEL analyses, triangulation analysis. Findings: The research is among the first academic studies evaluating the socio-economic effects of the Zangezur Corridor. Its operation has already led to the creation of new jobs in the region. According to the survey, 72% of respondents feel that new employment opportunities have emerged. Official statistical forecasts predict that while the unemployment rate stood at 8% in 2021, it will drop to 4.5% by 2025. Approximately 70% of respondents indicated a willingness to remain or return to the region. Enhanced employment opportunities and the development of social infrastructure have reduced migration to large cities and, in some cases, even encouraged reverse migration. The construction of new roads, transport networks, and logistics centers has accelerated economic development. The corridor has facilitated the market access of agricultural and industrial products, thereby expanding export possibilities. The results demonstrate that the Zangezur Corridor is not merely a transportation route but also a strategic project that fosters the region’s socio-economic development. Successful implementation of the project requires stronger public-private partnerships and the formulation of long-term socio-economic plans. Practical implications: Strategic recommendations are provided for future economic and infrastructure projects in the region. The results suggest that targeted investments in transport infrastructure can stimulate the growth of local businesses, enhance market access for agricultural and industrial goods, and diversify regional economies. Value: This paper offers original empirical insight into one of the most strategically significant yet understudied infrastructure projects in the South Caucasus—the Zangezur Corridor. Paper type: empirical.