The Effect of a Training Program Based on Developing Motor Memory in Developing Special Physical Abilities and Improving the Long Jump Performance of The Junior National Team of Kirkuk Governorate

This research aims to identify the effect of a training program based on developing motor memory on developing specific physical abilities, such as explosive power, balance, agility, and transition speed, and improving the long jump performance of junior players from the Kirkuk Governorate national team. The researcher used the experimental approach, designing two groups (experimental and control) using a pre- and post-test method, to suit the nature and subject of the research. The research sample consisted of 17 players from the Kirkuk national athletics team (long jump). Their ages ranged between 14 and 16 years. They were randomly divided into two equal groups: an experimental group (6 players) who implemented a training program based on developing motor memory for 8 weeks, with 3 training sessions per week. A control group (6 players) continued with the traditional training program approved by the coaches. The proposed training program included specific exercises to develop motor memory through organized and varied repetitions, to enhance neuromuscular connectivity and motor retention, with a direct focus on the physical abilities specific to the long jump: explosive power, agility, transition speed, and balance. A set of field tests was used to measure these variables, in addition to measuring long jump achievement. The problem of the research lies in the researcher's observation of weak motor performance and achievement levels in the long jump. This is due to the current training programs relying on traditional methods that neglect mental and sensory-motor aspects, such as motor memory, which may limit the development of performance. Therefore, the experimental approach was used, and a sample of juniors from the Kirkuk Governorate national team was selected. The results showed statistically significant differences in favor of the post-tests in all specific physical abilities and long jump achievement. The researcher concluded that the introduction of training based on developing motor memory contributes effectively to the development of specific physical abilities and improving long jump achievement. He also concluded that relying on organized repetition and varied motor practices helps enhance motor retention and neuromuscular connectivity in juniors. The researcher recommends adopting the proposed training program to prepare junior track and field athletes, particularly in the long jump. He also recommends incorporating mental training and motor memory strategies into other track and field events and various sports.