MODELLING THE OPERATION OF AN ELECTRONIC GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR LOW-POWER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Electronic control units control the vast majority of internal combustion engine systems. In the future, the maximum automation of engines must necessarily include full self-acting control of gas exchange in the cylinders. An innovative idea for the design of the gas exchange mechanism is the electromagnetic drive of the camshafts. Such innovations are being actively studied in automotive engines, but there is little information about their application to low-power internal combustion engines, which are basic for small mechanization and, in wartime, sometimes have a dual purpose. The physical model considered by the authors assumes that, instead of a camshaft, very fast electromagnetic actuators at the command of an electronic control unit control the opening and closing of the valves. The input to the unit comes from sensors and transducers that monitor the crankshaft position, intake manifold pressure, engine temperature and crankshaft speed. The output is used to control the position of the intake and exhaust valves. The technology allows you to change the valve opening and closing moments relative to the engine's dead points and operating cycles, influence the duration of the open and closed valve states, vary the valve overlap time (simultaneous open state), perform a stroke-by-stroke phase shift, etc. The C# programming language was used for modelling the gas exchange system in low-power internal combustion engines with electronic valve control using an object-oriented approach. The results of the model presented in the article are in agreement with the data of recent open publications. The study was carried out on prototypes created by an experimental selection of operating parameters. The system requirements for the power supply of the electronic control unit are quite low - it is possible to operate from a 12 V electrical network. The research has demonstrated that the drive achieves the desired power, play and performance requirements.