Effectiveness of the e-LKPD flipbook in improving student learning outcomes in mathematics

The rapid advancement of technology has transformed educational practices, requiring innovative learning materials that enhance student engagement and comprehension. This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an e-LKPD flipbook based on the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach to improve students’ understanding of exponents, exponential equations, and exponential functions. The ADDIE instructional design model was employed, encompassing Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation phases. Data collection involved classroom observations, expert validation, and pre-test and post-test assessments to measure learning outcomes. The findings reveal that the e-LKPD flipbook is effective in improving student comprehension, as demonstrated by a significant increase in post-test scores compared to pre-test scores. Expert evaluations rated the flipbook as highly valid, with media and content experts assigning scores of 85.11% and 81.94%, respectively, confirming its accuracy, clarity, and pedagogical suitability. Students reported the flipbook as engaging and user-friendly, indicating that its interactive multimedia design enhances learning motivation and independent study. This study contributes to mathematics education by providing a technology-enhanced learning tool that effectively supports conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills. The findings suggest that integrating PBL with interactive digital resources can improve learning outcomes and engagement, offering a model for future innovations across various subjects and educational settings.