Epiphany of Tamil Dalit Christian Women: Through the Lens of Bama's Karukku

Abstract: The caste system in Tamil Nadu has evolved over time, undergoing countless ideological and normative changes. However, due to its deep-rooted nature, oppression and subjugation have persisted in different forms within these shifting patterns. While the complete abolition of caste remains a distant goal, growing awareness has empowered people to speak out and resist the hegemonic rule of the upper caste society. Bama, a Tamil Dalit Christian from a marginalised community, provides a clear account of the struggles faced by individuals like her. In her autobiography Karukku, she portrays the hardships endured by her family, shaped by systemic oppression ingrained since childhood, where each character describes each generation’s idea of the caste system. As a woman in a society where caste holds immense significance, Bama experiences triple oppression through caste, community, and gender. This paper examines her journey of self-realisation and the impact of her awakening on her community, positioning her as a role model for those advocating for their rightful place in society. Through a comparative study of two generations—Bama and her mother—this paper explores the transformation from enduring triple oppression to emerging as a woman who asserts her voice and autonomy. Bama’s narrative stands as a moment of awakening for women from similar backgrounds, inspiring them to challenge systemic injustices and subjugation. Keywords: Dalit, Caste, Women, Triple oppression, Epiphany.