Climate change dynamics and their effects on Bangladeshi Agriculture: A systematic review

Climate change poses substantial challenges to global agricultural systems and farmers, with a key vulnerability observed in developing nations. The rapid surge in global carbon emissions resulting from energy-driven fossil fuel utilization and anthropogenic activities has disrupted the carbon cycle, leading to alarming increases in air and ocean temperatures over the past century. The complex and multifaceted impacts of climate change significantly affect agriculture and livestock production, with direct as well as indirect consequences on the intricate human-environment relationship. The geographical factors and a lack of social concern make Bangladesh highly susceptible to the impacts of global climate change. Inadequate awareness regarding greenhouse gas reduction and continued reliance on fossil fuels contribute to shifting temperature and precipitation patterns within the country. The country faces escalating temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, rising sea levels, and an amplified occurrence of extreme events due to climate change. This review paper examines the specific impacts of climate change on agriculture and livestock in Bangladesh, emphasizing the decrease in crop production and the risk to livestock. Additionally, it explores various adaptation and mitigation measures that address climate change within the country. The substantial threat that climate change poses to food security, is crucial for Bangladesh to implement robust rules and regulations. By consolidating existing literature, empirical evidence, and key findings, this review paper provides valuable insights into the challenges confronted by Bangladesh's agriculture sector. It also presents recommendations for adopting sustainable agricultural practices and implementing policy interventions to enhance resilience and ensure food security within the context of climate change.