Hydrogen Vehicles and Sustainable Mobility: Integration of Technological Innovation, Trade, and Environmental, Social, and Governance Principles

ABSTRACTThe growing demand for cleaner and more efficient transport solutions has placed hydrogen-powered vehicles atthe center of discussions on sustainable mobility. This study adopted a qualitative approach based on twocomplementary procedures: a literature review, which compiled and compared scientific studies on the subject,and documentary research, grounded in technical reports, regulatory documents, and sectoral data. The mainobjective was to analyze how hydrogen-powered vehicles contribute to sustainable mobility by integratingtechnological innovation, commercial efficiency, and environmental, social, and governance principles acrossland, water, and air transport. The findings revealed that hydrogen vehicles are not merely an energy solutionbut a driving force for change that connects innovation, markets, and sustainability. When examined acrossdifferent modes of transport, the research highlights the need to integrate science, public policy, and markets inthe development of solutions capable of addressing the current challenges of mobility.