Review of the Antidiabetic Potential of Lasia spinosa Root Extract: A Comprehensive Analysis of Experimental Efficacy and Therapeutic Mechanisms

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, multifactorial metabolic disorder that has reached epidemic proportions worldwide.It is primarily characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.As of the year 2000, the global diabetic population was estimated at 175 million.However, projections indicate that this figure could rise to 354 million by 2030, with the majority of the burden (over 85%) occurring in developing nations such as India, China, and countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East.This rapid escalation in prevalence makes diabetes not only a public health challenge but also a socio-economic threat, particularly in low-and middle-income countries.