BETWEEN SILENCE AND SURVIVAL: EXPERIENCES OF HIJRAS IN THEIR UPBRINGING IN WEST BENGAL

The study is about the experiences of Hijra individuals in West Bengal and their upbringing. The researcher used a qualitative research design, using in-depth semi-structured interviews as the main data collection tool. Ten self-identified Hijras aged between 25 and 45 years, residing in various parts of Kolkata and adjoining districts, were interviewed between February and April 2025. The primary objective of this research was to explore Hijras’ early life experiences in West Bengal, focusing on familial and social nurturing. Data were analyzed thematically using grounded theory, allowing themes to emerge inductively from the narratives rather than imposing preconceived categories. The upbringing of Hijras in West Bengal is marked by isolation, violence, and a lack of familial or institutional nurturing. Their experiences challenge conventional definitions of childhood and development, revealing how gender non-conformity leads to early life exclusion. The study calls for a more inclusive approach that protects gender non-conforming children and ensures supportive environments for their growth.