İnzibati icraatda vətəndaş hüquqlarının hüquqi təsbiti və müdafiəsi əsasları

This article systematically examines the existing problems related to the violation of citizens’ rights within the framework of administrative proceedings carried out by administrative authorities. The primary objective of the research is to evaluate the functional effectiveness of the legal framework governing administrative procedures, particularly the right of participation, means of legal protection, and mechanisms for safeguarding citizens’ rights, and to identify institutional and normative gaps through practical analysis. The article analyzes the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan “On Administrative Proceedings” in conjunction with constitutional provisions and conducts a comparative legal analysis with the administrative procedural models of countries such as Germany, France, and Turkey. Against the background of advanced administrative legal doctrines and judicial precedents in these jurisdictions, recommendations are made to improve normative regulations and enhance practical implementation for more effective protection of citizens’ rights. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it systematically addresses aspects of democratic legitimacy in administrative proceedings — such as transparency, accountability, and the right to participate — by assessing legal ambiguities and practical inconsistencies from the perspective of legal protection. The findings aim to contribute both theoretically and practically to enhancing the lawfulness of relations between administrative authorities and citizens, and to aligning administrative procedures with fundamental human rights. The theoretical significance of the research lies in its conceptualization of citizens’ rights and legal protection mechanisms as integral components of administrative procedures that must serve as real guarantees of human rights. Its practical relevance stems from the development of new institutional approaches regarding the effective involvement of citizens in administrative proceedings, legal control over administrative acts, and the application of protection mechanisms in cases of rights violations. Keywords: administrative proceedings, public law relations, legal state, representative, applicant, interested party, citizen, legitimacy, principle, legal responsibility.