Peculiarities of diagnostics of breast diseases and management of patients' observation in Ukraine who plan to implement reproductive plans

In Ukraine, breast cancer ranks first in the structure of oncological diseases among the female population. Changes in hormonal status and the formation of post-traumatic syndrome affect the development of infertility and breast diseases among women of reproductive age. Aim: to analyze the complex of diagnostics and monitoring of breast diseases in patients planning pregnancy using assisted reproductive technologies, in order to improve early diagnosis of breast diseases. Materials and methods. 162 patients were examined at the Kyiv Mammological Center. The average age of the examined women was 33.7±3.4 years. All patients underwent a general clinical examination, ultrasound examination of the mammary glands, mammography, and morphological verification of formations. Results. During the general clinical evaluation, 64% of the patients reported no complaints, and 36% of patients had complaints (breast pain, discomfort). Structural sonographic pathology (BI-RADS 1) was found in 23% of patients. The most common fibrocystic changes in the mammary glands are BI-RADS 2, which was found in 31% of observed persons. Simple cysts with typical ultrasound signs were found in 24% of patients. The next examination was offered to women after 6 months, and macrocysts were found in 7% of patients. BI-RADS 3 was found in 26% of the examined patients. The most common ultrasound findings were fibroadenoma (24%) and cysts with inflammatory changes (2%). Among BI-RADS 4, the most common morphologically verified lesions are atypical ductal hyperplasia (8%), complex sclerosing lesions (16%), intraductal lesions (10%). BI-RADS 5 was detected in 4% of patients. Conclusions. In the comprehensive examination of women planning to undergo assisted reproductive technology procedures, it is necessary to apply general clinical assessment, ultrasound diagnostics, and, when indicated, mammographic imaging and morphological verification of detected lesions. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution cited in the manuscript, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.