MRI as a critical tool in diagnosing complex spine deformities: A review of its diagnostic and management contributions

Background: MRI is a necessary component of diagnosing complicated spine deformities, such as scoliosis, kyphosis and vertebral anomalies. While X rays and CT scan only differentiate between bone and soft tissue, MRI provides high tissue differentiation providing detailed image of both the tissue, thus aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning. Aim & Objective: This study aims to determine the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and management of complex spine deformities. The goals are to retrospectively evaluate the impact of MRI on diagnosis, follow up and treatment decisions of congenital and degenerative spinal disease. Methodology: A review of literature was carried out with analysis of peer reviewed studies in the latter two decades. From an initial pool of 36, 18 related articles were selected. These studies addressed the diagnostic properties, accuracy, and clinical management implication of MRI in spine deformities. Discussion: Considering the accuracy of MRI for assessing myriad spine deformities, the use of MRI in the management of complex spine deformities has certainly changed the way spine deformities are managed, allowing for accurate, non-invasive images that can contribute to accurate diagnosis and improve outcomes of surgical planning and monitoring the degenerative conditions within the spine. Conclusion: MRI has become a great diagnostic and management modality for complex spine deformities. Clinically, its capability to produce detailed, non-invasive, nonionizing radiation images which help facility decision making, surgical planning, and disease monitoring ultimately to enhance patient outcomes and treatment strategies.