The Effect of Various Mouthwashes on the Surface Roughness and Discoloration of Provisional Fixed Materials

This study aims to evaluate the effects of mouthwashes on surface roughness and discoloration of provisional materials produced by different methods. Disk-shaped specimens were prepared from conventional [acrylic- and composite-based (PEMA and BCR)] and digital methods (CAD/CAM milling and 3DP). Specimens were divided into 4 subgroups (Kloroben, Meridol, Aloe vera, and artificial saliva as control). Color and surface roughness (Ra) values were measured by spectrophotometer and profilometer at baseline and after mouthwash application. Color changes (∆E00 and ∆Eab) were calculated using L, a, and b values. In artificial saliva, the 3DP group's ∆E00 values were higher than CAD/CAM milling. ∆E00 and ∆Eab of the BCR group were higher than others after Meridol immersion. In Aloe vera, ∆E00 and ∆Eab values of the BCR group were higher than CAD/CAM milling. Ra values of BCR increased after all solutions, and 3DP increased after Aloe vera immersion. CAD/CAM milling and PEMA subgroups, artificial saliva, and Kloroben subgroups of BCR material exhibited clinically acceptable values (∆E00≤2.25). CAD/CAM milling specimens (except Kloroben) and PEMA artificial saliva group (∆Eab) also showed clinically acceptable values. Ra values of CAD/CAM milled (artificial saliva and Kloroben subgroups) and all 3DP subgroups were below the threshold (0.2 µm) for plaque accumulation.