Validation of CFD Simulation Accuracy of Loop Heat Pipe (LHP) with R290 Working Fluid Using Ansys Fluent Toward Reliable Numerical Models for Cooling System Optimization: A Hypothetical Article

The Loop Heat Pipe (LHP) is a passive two-phase cooling system widely applied in electronic devices due to its high heat transfer efficiency. R290 (propane) has emerged as a promising working fluid because of its low Global Warming Potential (GWP) and favorable thermophysical properties. Although several experimental studies on LHPs with R290 have been conducted, numerical validation using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) remains limited. This hypothetical article proposes that CFD simulations, when validated with experimental data, can reproduce the thermal performance of an LHP employing R290 within an acceptable error margin (e.g., <10% deviation). Key performance parameters for validation include temperature distribution, heat transfer rate, and thermal resistance. Once validated, CFD can serve as a predictive and optimization tool in the design of LHP-based cooling systems, thereby accelerating the development of efficient and environmentally friendly thermal management technologies.