PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ALKALOIDS OF ONOSMA SIMPLICISSIMA (BORAGINACEAE) FROM WESTERN SIBERIA

The perennial herb plant Onosma simplicissima L. is one of the most widespread species of the tribe Lithospermeae of the family Boraginaceae, growing in Western Siberia. Despite the fact that phytomedicines which are taken from it are used in folk medicine, the chemical constituent of plant has not been sufficiently investigated. Chemical composition of onosma above ground organs was researched using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and spectrophotometry methods. Chromatographic profiling was isolated 43 compounds, including 6 alkaloids, 12 phenylpropanoids, 21 flavonoids, 2 coumarins and 2 lignans. All isolated alcaloids are pyrrolizidine alkaloids and represented by derivatives of lycopsamine and its enantiomer, viridiflorine. Viridiflorine as well as the lignan (globoidnan B) were first discovered in Onosma genus plants. Phenylpropanoids are represented by esters of caffeic acid, with predominantedrosmarinic. The flavonoid composition is typical for Onosma genus plants and is represented by derivatives of quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin. The total amount of alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, and flavonoids in the raw material of «Onosmae herba» was 2.13; 2.6, and 57.67 mg/g respectively. It was established that the best stage for collecting raw materjal is the flowering period. The quantitative content of flavonoids and phenylpropanoids haven`t significant variation depending on growthing location and collection year.