A High Gain Extendable Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with Sliding Mode Control for Next-Gen EV Applications

This paper focuses on the design and implementation of a Sliding Mode Control (SMC) strategy for an Extendable Bidirectional DC-DC Converter. The SMC approach offers significant advantages such as high robustness against disturbances, fast dynamic response, and excellent stability, which makes it highly suitable for applications involving renewable energy storage systems and electric vehicle power management. Unlike conventional controllers like IOFL, which can suffer from steady-state errors and slower responses, the SMC can efficiently handle non-linearities and abrupt changes in system parameters. The converter is operated in two distinct modes: charge mode and discharge mode. In each mode, the SMC dynamically adjusts the switching states to maintain the desired current and voltage profiles. The theoretical analysis, supported by simulation studies, demonstrates that the proposed controller successfully tracks reference signals with minimal overshoot and reduced settling time. Moreover, the system effectively suppresses the chattering effect commonly associated with SMC by utilizing a boundary layer design, ensuring smoother control action. Through detailed simulation, it is observed that the SMC-based converter achieves higher efficiency and improved performance compared to the conventional IOFL-based system, particularly during rapid load transitions. The results validate that the proposed method provides better control over energy flow, making it an attractive solution for modern energy storage applications.