Enhancing rapid response mechanisms for global health emergencies: Challenges, innovations and the path forward: A review

Global health emergencies, such as pandemics, natural disasters, and bioterrorism, highlight the importance of rapid response mechanisms (RRMs) in mitigating health crises. This study examines the current practices, challenges, and emerging innovations in RRMs, drawing on qualitative analyses of case studies, literature, and stakeholder interviews. The findings reveal significant disparities in resource allocation, coordination challenges, and inequities in global response capabilities. Advancements in artificial intelligence, telemedicine, and policy frameworks offer promising solutions, but persistent gaps in equity and preparedness remain. The study concludes with actionable recommendations to enhance RRMs, emphasizing the need for integrated global efforts, capacity building, and equitable resource distribution to strengthen health system resilience.