Management of Public and Private Institutions in the Face of Social Relations, Norms, and Organizational Cultures

This article examines the role of management in public and private organizations through the lens of social relations, norms, and organizational cultures, particularly in the context of increasing bureaucracy. Management, as the art of organizing, planning, and directing while controlling both human and financial resources, can it truly operate without tension when bureaucracy is essentially the implementation of decisions based on impersonal rules and the competence of agents ? This question led us to explore the writings of various authors who have addressed this issue. Through our readings and by distinguishing between public and private institutions according to principles of coherence and rationality, we identified key sociological challenges that underlie the prominence of management in contemporary settings.