Energy, Exergy, and Emission Assessing of Diesel Engine Fuelled with Orange Peel Biodiesel Blends

This study investigates the exergy, energy, and emission performances of a diesel engine powered with Orange Peel Biodiesel (OPB) blended fuel. The impacts of engine power, speed, and fuel composition on various emissions and operational parameters are analysed. The use of OPB blended fuels leads to reduced performance indicators such as BTE, exergy efficiency, and sustainability index. Similarly, emission parameters including CO, smoke, and HC emissions are also lowered when compared to pure diesel fuel. Among the OPB blends, OPB20 exhibits the lowest HC emission. Specifically, the HC emissions are reduced by 7.14%, 8.93%, and 3.57% with OPB10, OPB20, and OPB30 blends, respectively, at 1500 rpm speed and 5.5kW engine power. CO emissions decrease by 2.5%, 6.25%, and 5.0% with OPB10, OPB20, and OPB30 blends, respectively, compared to regular diesel fuel. Smoke emissions are significantly lowered, with reductions of 14.75%, 18.03%, and 21.31% for OPB10, OPB20, and OPB30 blends, respectively.