Transforming Groundnut Shell Waste into Biodegradable Pots: A Pathway to Sustainable Development Goals

Abstract Agricultural waste, when not properly managed, plays a significant role in harming the environment. As a leading global producer, India generated more than 10.3 million metrictons of groundnuts in 2023, with nearly half of this amount consisting of groundnut shells. Theseshells are often disposed of by burning or careless dumping, actions that worsen environmental pollution. This research explores the innovative conversion of various agricultural residues—such as groundnut shells, coconut coir, dry leaves, and cow dung—into biodegradable pots. These environmentally friendly alternatives are intended to replace traditional plastic nurserybags, which pose long-term ecological risks. Data collected from 104 customers and 21 nurseries strongly supports the commercial feasibility and significant environmental benefits of these biodegradable pots. The project aligns with and promotes several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 15 (Life on Land). Additionally, it positively impacts SDG8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth). The results clearly show that these biodegradablepotsnot only provide a crucial solution for reducing plastic pollution but also boost rural employment and encourage the adoption of circular economy principles, demonstrating how local innovation can effectively support global sustainability efforts. K