Load Frequency Control in Two Area Interconnected Micro grid system using Hybrid PSO and Firefly Algorithm

An effective meta-heuristic, population-based Hybrid Firefly Particle Swarm Optimisation (HFPSO) algorithm is employed in this paper to address for tuning classical PID controllers in a two-area interconnected microgrid system with renewable energy sources. HFPSO is a hybridisation of the Firefly algorithm Optimisation (FFO) and the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) technique is employed to speed up the convergence rate and improve the exploration and exploitation strategies. The proposed hybrid PSOFA algorithm combines the global exploration ability of PSO with the local exploitation strength of FA, ensuring improved convergence and robustness. Simulation studies are carried out on a two-area microgrid model developed in MATLAB/Simulink to analyse frequency deviations in both areas and tie-line power oscillations. The uniqueness of using Hybrid Firefly–PSO in frequency stabilisation is further highlighted by this work. The hybrid metaheuristic framework, in contrast to traditional techniques, successfully strikes a balance between exploration and exploitation, leading to fewer oscillations, better damping properties, and quicker system recovery.