Identification and isolation of gallic acid in Elaeocarpus ganitrus (Roxb.)

Introduction: Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb., commonly known as Rudraksha, holds a prominent place in traditional Indian medicine due to its wide array of therapeutic properties. This study investigates the phytochemical composition of Rudraksha seeds, with a particular focus on the presence and quantification of gallic acid, a well-known antioxidant. Methods: Hydroethanolic extracts of Rudraksha seeds were analysed for the presence of major phytochemicals using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The total polyphenol content was determined using the Folin - Ciocalteu method, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was employed to quantify gallic acid content in the extract. A 4year old male child presented with complaints of speech delay since age appropriate. The assessment was done using REELS, COMDEALL and ALD scorings and the case was diagnosed. Rudraksha churna along was honey was administered as an add-on to speech-language therapy. Results: TLC confirmed the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins in the extract. The total polyphenol content was found to be significant, and HPLC analysis revealed that the extract contained 0.329% gallic acid. The case was re-assessed after 6 weeks of intervention and there was significant improvement in scores of REELS, COMDEALL and ALD. Discussion: The presence of gallic acid and other phytochemicals supports the traditional use of Rudraksha in managing oxidative stress and related health conditions. These findings reinforce existing knowledge of Rudraksha’s anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-asthmatic, and immune-enhancing properties, indicating its potential for development into plant-based therapeutic agents and health supplements. Conclusion: This study highlights the rich natural composition of Elaeocarpus ganitrus (Rudraksha) seeds, revealing the presence of valuable compounds like gallic acid, flavonoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins. The notable amount of gallic acid points to strong antioxidant properties, lending scientific support to Rudraksha’s long-standing use in traditional medicine for managing oxidative stress and related conditions. These insights not only deepen our understanding of Rudraksha’s health benefits but also open the door to its potential use in creating natural health supplements and plant-based therapeutic products