A BIM-infused perspective on enhanced visualization and design analysis for the residential construction

Building Information Modelling (BIM) has gained global attention as a transformative tool in design analysis and visualization, yet its adoption in small-scale residential construction remains inconsistent, particularly in emerging economies. This study investigates the critical factors influencing BIM implementation for visualization and design analysis in Malaysia, emphasizing the regional dynamics that differentiate it from global trends. A structured questionnaire was distributed among construction professionals, and the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that five constructs 3D Visualization, Design Coordination, Facility Management, Project Planning, and Visualization & Communication positively and significantly influence BIM adoption, with Facility Management (β = 0.321) and Design Coordination (β = 0.291) emerging as the most impactful. Bootstrapping analysis confirms the reliability of the model, while comparative discussion highlights unique challenges, such as limited regulatory enforcement and SME fragmentation. This study contributes to the regional BIM literature by presenting empirically validated factors tailored to residential sector and offers practical recommendations to support targeted policy interventions and industry training. The results underscore the necessity of contextualized BIM strategies to bridge adoption gaps and enhance digital transformation in the construction industry.