APPLICATION OF GIS IN ROAD NETWORK ROUTING ANALYSIS IN HAWASSA CITY

ABSTRACT Road network has been viewed as a major dynamic force in influencing quality of life and shaping cities all over the globe. Hawassa city was one of quickly developing city in Ethiopia. The development of transport and infrastructure within the city requests innovation. Enormous cities endure from congestions of traffic. In any case, finding the best route within the required time may be a troublesome issue for numerous drivers, particularly in emergency cases. The need of satisfactory data to discover the shortest route to the closest facility, too need of instruments to extricate such data and presents it when required. The purpose of the paper is to model GIS based road network analysis services in case of emergencies such as accidents or to provide an accurate road network data set to provide road related analysis for decision making purpose. This had been done by utilizing the capabilities of GIS application using network analysis tool to determining the best route between two destinations, the closest facility from a given incident, OD cost matrix analysis to found the least cost paths from each origins to nearest destinations and finding service area for a given facility based on a given driving time interval. Generally for the purposes of this project distance and time is taken as impedance in order to find the best route and the closest facility and that of travel time is taken as impedance in order to find the service area. For this purpose Geodatabase is created using ArcGIS (ArcCatalog) Software compiling Spatial and non-spatial road data that extracted from Hawassa base map, Googl Earth image and open street maps. Hand held GPS ware used to collect main facility data (Health Centers, Schools, Hotel…etc). Also Two type of algorithm were practiced, The Dijkstra algorithm for road network analysis tool and kernel density estimation (KDE) for road density generation. The analysis focuses on finding the best route between two locations on the road network and finding the nearest healthcare service (closest facility) providers to an incident location based on the travel time. Applying network analysis tool to make analysis on producing best route and closest facility between two locations by solving Point, line and polygon road barrier challenges also service area, OD cost matrix between main general hospitals and road density distribution in area per m2 map was produced.