The Effect of Knee Injury and Sedentary Behavior on the Incidence of Knee Osteoarthritis at Muhammadiyah Metro General Hospital

Abstract : Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative joint diseases found in adults and the elderly. This disease causes pain, stiffness, limited movement, and impacts the quality of life of sufferers. The risk factors for osteoarthritis are multifactorial, but among the modifiable factors, a history of knee injury and sedentary behavior are of particular concern because they have been shown to contribute to the onset of osteoarthritis. This study aims to determine the relationship between a history of knee injury and sedentary behavior with the incidence of knee osteoarthritis at Muhammadiyah Metro General Hospital. The study design is an observational analysis with a case-control approach. The sample consisted of 152 respondents, comprising 76 cases (patients with knee osteoarthritis) and 76 controls (patients without knee osteoarthritis). Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires and medical record reviews. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test with odds ratio (OR) calculations and 95% confidence intervals. A total of 38.2% of respondents had a history of knee injury and 12.5% had sedentary behavior. The test results showed a significant relationship between a history of knee injury and the incidence of knee osteoarthritis (p = 0.000; OR = 6.089; 95% CI: 2.913–12.729). In addition, sedentary behavior was also significantly associated with the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis (p = 0.000; OR = 23.276; 95% CI: 3.019–179.476). This study shows that a history of knee injury and sedentary behavior are significant risk factors for the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis in patients at Muhammadiyah Metro General Hospital.