Gravitation as a Horizon Information Effect

This work develops a theoretical framework in which gravitation emerges as an informational effect of the cosmic horizon. The approach starts from the idea that the horizon has a finite information capacity and introduces a capacity–demand principle: not all microscopic events can be registered as realized records. The locked fraction corresponds to baryonic matter and radiation, while the unlocked fraction remains in a superpositional state but still contributes to gravity. Within this framework, the vacuum sector is not treated as a rigid constant but as a horizon–linked term that scales with the Hubble rate. Locally, the theory reduces exactly to General Relativity: no new fields are introduced, no additional forces appear, and the speed of gravitational waves remains unchanged. Globally, the unlocked sector generates an additional scale–dependent gravitational potential that observers interpret as dark matter, while also contributing to dark energy. The framework thus offers a unified origin for both dark energy and dark matter without postulating new particles or modifying local GR. It yields testable predictions for the growth of cosmic structures, gravitational lensing, and redshift drift, making it a falsifiable and economical alternative to conventional ΛCDM cosmology.